Although automotive manufacturers (OEMs) have been offering Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) in the United States since 2000, adoption has been slow.  However, recent years has seen an explosion of interest in these alternative fuel vehicles.  Statista reports 767,200 EVs sales in the U.S. in 2022 (through December) and projects an annual growth rate of 23.17% through 2027.  Furthermore, some OEMs have pledged to only offer EVs before the close of this decade, and states such as California has established a year-by-year roadmap leading to the sale of strictly zero-emission new cars and light trucks.

Despite the continued market penetration and prevalence of EVs in the U.S., impacts to transportation systems management & operations (TSMO) practices have not been fully considered.  Several of these are enumerated in this paper along with current best practices and the state of the art in research concerning the topic.  Based on our research, we conclude that additional training and research are needed for TSMO strategies to deal with the on-going and projected expansion of EVs on America’s roadways.  In particular, responses to EV breakdown and crashes resulting in fires will have a significant impact to current practices.